E-2 Visa: Treaty Investor

Start or buy a business in the US. Over 80 treaty nations qualify. Spouse can work for any US employer without needing an EAD card. Renewable indefinitely in 2–5 year increments. One of the most underrated visa options for entrepreneurs from treaty countries.

Practical Investment Minimums by Business Type

Business TypeTypical Investment
Consulting / service business$50,000 – $100,000
Small retail / restaurant$100,000 – $150,000
Franchise (fast food, fitness, coffee)$100,000 – $250,000
Manufacturing / larger enterprise$200,000 – $500,000+

No legal minimum is specified in statute. Investment must be "substantial" relative to total business cost and must be at risk (not sitting in a bank account). Franchise fees are accepted as qualifying investment.

Eligible Countries (Notable Examples)

Eligible

Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Canada, Mexico, Australia, Turkey, Pakistan, Egypt, Portugal (newly eligible since March 2025)

NOT Eligible

China, India, Russia, Vietnam, Brazil, Indonesia

Spouse Work Authorization -- A Major Advantage

E-2 spouses are "employment authorized incident to status"
No EAD card required to begin working (though may optionally apply for one)
Can work for any US employer (not limited to the treaty investor’s business)
Can work full-time or part-time
This is a major advantage over H-4 dependent status, especially with recent EAD policy changes reducing validity to 18 months

Key Limitations

No direct path to a green card -- E-2 does not lead to permanent residence on its own
Must maintain treaty country nationality
Business must remain active and generating revenue
Renewable indefinitely in 2–5 year increments, but technically temporary

Qualifying Business Types

Most business types qualify: franchises (fast food, coffee shops, fitness centers), consulting firms, IT services, import/export, manufacturing, retail storefronts, restaurants, cafés, hair salons, and e-commerce businesses.

Fees (2026)

ItemAmount
MRV visa fee (consular processing)$205
DS-160 applicationFree
Attorney fees$5,000 – $15,000
Business plan preparation$2,000 – $5,000
Investment capital$50,000 – $500,000+ (varies by business)